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1.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 62(3): 366-369, May-June 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038490

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease that leads to ocular proptosis caused by fat accumulation and inflammation, and the main treatment is corticosteroid therapy. Retinoid acid receptor-alpha (RARα) seems to be associated with inflammation and adipocyte differentiation. This study aimed to assess the effect of glucocorticoid treatment on orbital fibroblasts of GO patient treated or not with different glucocorticoid doses. Materials and methods: Orbital fibroblasts collected during orbital decompression of a female patient with moderately severe/severe GO were cultivated and treated with 10 nM and 100 nM dexamethasone (Dex). rRARα gene expression in the treated and untreated cells was then compared. Results: Fibroblast RARα expression was not affected by 100 nM Dex. On the other hand, RARα expression was 24% lower in cells treated with 10 nM Dex (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Orbital fibroblasts from a GO patient expressed the RARα gene, which was unaffected by higher, but decreased with lower doses of glucocorticoid.


Subject(s)
Humans , Orbit/drug effects , Dexamethasone/administration & dosage , Gene Expression/drug effects , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Fibroblasts/chemistry , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Orbit/pathology , Severity of Illness Index , Graves Ophthalmopathy/pathology , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha/drug effects , Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha/genetics
2.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 74(4): 244-247, Jul-Aug/2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-752070

ABSTRACT

A oftalmopatia de Graves é a doença orbitária mais comum e acomete 25 a 50% dos pacientes portadores da Doença de Graves e é mais frequente no sexo feminino, entre a segunda e quinta décadas de vida. A doença apresenta uma fase aguda e uma crônica, evoluindo lenta e progressivamente até estabilizar, sendo raros os casos de resolução espontânea. O tratamento dependerá da fase em que a doença se encontra e está baseado principalmente na corticoterapia via oral e endovenosa e/ou radioterapia, sendo a colchicina empregada em casos isolados. No seguinte relato de caso, abordaremos uma forma atípica de manifestação clínica da Oftalmopatia de Graves em paciente eutireoideia com anticorpos negativos na sua apresentação inicial.


Graves ‘ophthalmopathyis themost commonorbital diseaseand affects25-50% of the patients withGraves’ disease. It`s morecommon in females, between the second andfifth life`s decade. The disease hasanacute andachronic stage, slowly progressing until it stabilizes, with rarecasesof spontaneous resolution.The treatment depends on thestage andthe disease ismainly treated withoralor intravenous corticosteroids with or without radiotherapy;colchicine is usedin individual cases. In the followingcase report, we discuss an atypicalmanifestation ofGraves’ ophthalmopathyin an euthyroid patientwith negative antibodiesin the inicial presentation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Colchicine/therapeutic use , Conjunctival Diseases/diagnosis , Exotropia/diagnosis , Hyperemia/diagnosis , Graves Ophthalmopathy/diagnosis , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Eyelids/abnormalities
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(8): 1034-1041, ago. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-762670

ABSTRACT

Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) is rare in pediatric patients, however is the most common extrathyroid manifestation of Graves’ disease (GD), being present in 30-67% of patients. GO is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder involving orbital connective and fatty tissues as well as the extraocular muscles. In children, GO is less common and less severe than in adults. The most common symptoms are upper eyelid retraction, conjunctival injection, and proptosis and periorbital edema. Severe complications include dysthyroid optic neuropathy, corneal ulceration and eyeball subluxation. The diagnosis is established by clinical, laboratory and imaging findings. There are no management guidelines for GO in children but adult recommendations include the assessment of clinical activity and its severity, to implement the best treatment. Supportive therapies are intended to relieve symptoms and prevent corneal damage in mild cases. Tobacco exposure should also be avoided. The first line of treatment is systemic administration of corticosteroids in active and severe cases. Other options as somatostatin use and retrobulbar radiation have not been used in children, therefore their use is not recommended.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Graves Ophthalmopathy/diagnosis , Graves Ophthalmopathy/etiology , Graves Ophthalmopathy/physiopathology , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Risk Factors , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
5.
Botucatu; s.n; 2013. 139 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-756100

ABSTRACT

A oftalmopatia de Graves (OG) se constitui em uma das manifestações clínicas mais marcantes da Doença de Graves. Mais freqüente em mulheres, pode atingir qualquer faixa etária e produzir alterações negativas na qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos. Trata-se de doença auto-imune cuja fisiopatologia centra-se em atividade inflamatória desencadeada por diversos antígenos presentes nos tecidos extra-ocular, com infiltrado linfocitário importante, adipogênese e produção de glicosaminoglicanos levando ao aspecto típico de inflamação e proptose. Os casos mais leves podem ser tratados com medidas locais, enquanto que casos mais graves, frequentemente, recebem terapia com glicocorticoides, particularmente pulsoterapia com metilprednisolona. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o uso de dois esquemas terapêuticos (associação de nicotinamida/alopurinol ou pentoxifilina por via oral) com a terapia padrão (corticóide em pulsoterapia). Foram recrutados pacientes portadores de OG classificados como moderada ou moderadamente grave e em atividade (definidos pelo NO SPECS e CAS) , distribuídos em três grupos de tratamento, a saber : G1- Pentoxifilina , G2- Nicotinamida/Alopurinol e G3- Metiprednisolona em pulsoterapia, distribuídos por conveniência. Para investigar a resposta ao tratamento clínico instituído, foram usados o CAS, a medida da proptose ocular por meio de exoftalmômetro, a dosagem de interleucinas séricas(TNF-α e IL-6), registros fotográficos dos olhos dos pacientes avaliados e a TC de órbitas...


Graves ’ophthalmopathy (GO) constitutes one of the most striking manifestations of Graves’ disease. More common in women, ocurr at any age group and produce negative changes in the quality of life of affected patients. It is an autoimmune disease whose physiopathology focuses on various inflammatory activity triggered by antigens present in extraocular tissues with significant lymphocyte infiltration, production of glycosaminoglycansadipogenesis leading to the typical appearance of inflammation and proptosis. The mild cases can be treated with local measures, while more serious cases often receive glucocorticoid therapy, particularly methylprednisolone pulse therapy. The aim of this study was to compare the use of two regimens (combination of nicotinamide / allopurinol or pentoxifylline orally) with standard therapy (intravenous steroid pulse therapy). We recruited patients with OG classified as moderate or moderately severe and active (defined by NO SPECS and CAS), divided into three treatment groups, namely: Pentoxifylline-G1, G2-Nicotinamide /Allopurinol-and G3 Metiprednisolona in pulse, distributed for convenience. To investigate the response to clinical treatment, the CAS were used to measure the ocular proptosis through exophtalmomether, the dosage of serum interleukins (TNF-α and IL-6), photographic records of the eyes of patients evaluated CT orbits...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Vitamin B Complex/therapeutic use , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Niacinamide/therapeutic use , Graves Ophthalmopathy/diagnosis , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Pentoxifylline/therapeutic use , Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 75(5): 324-332, set.-out. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-667576

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) with total dose of 20 Gy (RT 20 Gy) in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed comparing RT 20 Gy with or without glucocorticoid to clinical treatments for Graves' ophthalmopathy. The MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library databases and recent relevant journals were searched. Relevant reports were reviewed by two reviewers. Response to radiotherapy was defined as clinical success according to each trial. We also evaluated the quality of life and whether RT to produce fewer side effects than other treatments. RESULTS: A total of 8 randomized controlled trials (439 patients) were identified. In the subgroup analysis, the overall response to treatment rates was better for: RT 20 Gy plus glucocorticoid vs glucocorticoids alone, OR=17.5 (CI95% 1.85-250, p=0.04), RT 20 Gy vs sham RT, OR= 3.15 (CI95%1.59-6.23, p=0.003) and RT 20Gy plus intravenous glucocorticoid vs RT 20Gy plus oral glucocorticoid, OR=4.15(CI95% 1.34-12.87, p=0.01). There were no differences between RT 20 Gy versus other fractionations and RT 20 Gy versus glucocorticoid alone. RT 20 Gy with or without glucocorticoids showed an improvement in diplopia grade, visual acuity, optic neuropathy, lid width, proptosis and ocular motility. No difference was seen for costs, intraocular pressure and quality of life. CONCLUSION: Our data have shown that RT 20 Gy should be offered as a valid therapeutic option to patients with moderate to severe ophthalmopathy. The effectiveness of orbital radiotherapy can be increased by the synergistic interaction with glucocorticoids. Moreover, RT 20 Gy is useful to improve a lot of ocular symptoms, excluding intraocular pressure, without any difference in quality of life and costs.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia da radioterapia (RT) com dose total de 20 Gy (RT 20 Gy) no tratamento da oftalmopatia de Graves. MÉTODOS: Uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise de ensaios clínicos randomizados foram realizadas comparando RT 20 Gy, com ou sem glicocorticoides a tratamentos clinicos para a oftalmopatia de Graves. O MEDLINE, EMBASE, bases de dados da Biblioteca Cochrane e recentes de revistas relevantes foram pesquisados. Relatórios relevantes foram revisados por dois revisores. A resposta à radioterapia foi definida através do sucesso clinico de acordo a cada ensaio clínico. Nós também avaliamos a qualidade de vida e se a radioterapia produzia menos efeitos colaterais comparados a outras intervenções. RESULTADOS: Um total de 8 ensaios clínicos randomizados (439 pacientes) foram identificados. Na análise de subgrupo, a resposta global para as taxas de tratamento foi melhor para: RT 20 Gy além de glicocorticoides vs glicocorticoides sozinhos, OR=17,5 (IC95% 1,85-250, p=0,04), RT 20 Gy vs sham RT, OR=3,15 (IC95% 1,59-6,23, p=0,003) e RT 20 Gy além de glicocorticoides por via intravenosa RT 20 Gy além de glicocorticoides orais, OR=4,15 (IC95% 1,34-12,87, p=0,01). Não houve diferenças entre RT 20 Gy contra outros fracionamentos e 20 Gy RT contra glicocorticoides sozinhos. RT 20 Gy, com ou sem glicocorticoides mostraram uma melhoria no grau de diplopia, acuidade visual, neuropatia óptica, abertura palpebral, proptose e da motilidade ocular. Não foi observada diferença para os custos, a pressão intraocular e a qualidade de vida. CONCLUSÃO: Nossos dados mostraram que 20 Gy RT deve ser oferecida como uma opção terapêutica válida para pacientes com moderada a severa oftalmopatia de Graves. A eficácia da radioterapia orbital pode ser aumentada pela interação sinérgica com os glicocorticoides. Além disso, RT 20 Gy é útil para melhorar vários sintomas oculares, excluindo a pressão intraocular, sem qualquer diferença de qualidade de vida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Graves Ophthalmopathy/radiotherapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Treatment Outcome
7.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 75(2): 131-133, mar.-abr. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-640161

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the present article is to present and discuss two cases of globe su­blu­xation in the active phase of myogenic Graves' orbitopathy and to evaluate the prevalence of this phenomenon. Two patients with the myogenic variant of Graves' orbitopathy that had being treated with oral and intravenous steroid pulses developed globe subluxation. Both had to have urgent eyelid and orbital decompression. After these observations, we reviewed the medical records of a sample of 284 patients (482 orbits) who had had orbital decompression at our Institution from 1992 to 2010, with a search for cases presenting severe proptosis or globe subluxation in the active phase of myogenic Graves' orbitopathy. No patient had to have decompression for globe subluxation in the active phase of Graves' orbitopathy. The prevalence of this event as an indication for surgery in the myogenic variant of Graves' orbitopathy was therefore 0.7% (2/284) or even less. The combination of lowering the upper eyelid and orbital decompression had a dramatic therapeutic effect on these patients des­pite the presence of intense inflammatory signs in the orbits. In conclusion, patients affected with the myogenic variant of Graves' orbitopathy may develop globe subluxation. Urgent surgical treatments should not be postponed despite the presence of active inflammation.


O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar e discutir dois casos de subluxação do globo ocular na fase ativa do subtipo miogênico da orbitopatia de Graves e avaliar a prevalência desse fenômeno. Dois pacientes com o subtipo miogênico da orbitopatia de Graves tratados com corticosteroide oral e pulsos intravenosos desenvolveram subluxação do globo ocular. Após estas observações, analisamos os prontuários de uma amostra de 284 pacientes (482 órbitas) que foram submetidos à descompressão orbitária em nossa Instituição no período de 1992 a 2010, buscando os casos que apresentaram proptose severa ou subluxação do globo ocular na fase ativa da orbitopatia de Graves miogênica. Nenhum paciente tinha sido descomprimido para subluxação do globo ocular na fase ativa da orbitopatia de Graves. A prevalência desse evento como uma indicação para cirurgia na variante miogênica da orbitopatia de Graves foi 0,7% (2/284) ou até menos. A combinação da correção da retração da pálpebra superior e da descompressão da órbita obteve um efeito terapêutico excelente nesses pacientes, apesar da intensa presença de sinais inflamatórios nas órbitas. Em conclusão, pacientes afetados com orbitopatia de Graves do subtipo miogênico podem desenvolver subluxação do globo. Tratamentos cirúrgicos de urgência não devem ser adiados apesar da presença de inflamação ativa.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Eye Diseases/surgery , Graves Ophthalmopathy/complications , Eye Diseases/etiology , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome
8.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 55(9): 692-695, dez. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-610476

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report the use of sodium diclofenac, an antagonist of PPAR-gamma and cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor in the treatment of mild to moderate Graves' ophthalmopathy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with clinical activity score (CAS) 2 to 7 were treated during a period ranging from 3 to 12 months (mean 7.8 ± 3.4) with oral sodium diclofenac, 50 mg every 12 hours. RESULTS: Extra-ocular muscle restriction and CAS improved significantly, p = 0.003 and = 0.004, respectively. Ocular pain and diplopia disappeared, except for one patient who reported improvement of these symptoms. No recurrence was found after interruption of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of moderate Graves' ophthalmopathy with oral sodium diclofenac is a good, safe and less expensive therapeutic option. Like others new treatment trials, findings must be confirmed in a greater number of patients in a controlled study.


OBJETIVO: Relatar o uso do diclofenato de sódio, um antagonista do PPAR-gama e inibidor da ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) no tratamento da leve a moderada oftalmopatia de Graves. SUJEITOS E MÉTODOS: Treze pacientes com CAS (clinical activity score) 2 a 7 foram tratados durante um período de 3 a 12 meses (média 7,6 ± 3,4) com diclofenaco de sódio por via oral na dose de 50 mg a cada 12 horas. RESULTADOS: A restrição da musculatura extraocular e o índice CAS melhoraram de modo significativo, respectivamente p = 0,003 e p = 0,004. A dor ocular e a diplopia desapareceram, com exceção de um paciente que referiu melhora desses sintomas. Não houve recidiva após a interrupção do tratamento. CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento da oftalmopatia de Graves de média gravidade com diclofenaco de sódio por via oral é uma opção boa, segura e de baixo custo. Como outros novos tratamentos, ele deverá ser confirmado em um maior número de pacientes em estudos controlados.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , /therapeutic use , Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Pilot Projects , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome
9.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 55(1): 85-88, Feb. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-580298

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study is to report and discuss a rare and inflammatory cause of exophthalmos. This report describes a patient with exophthalmos, who was initially diagnosed with euthyroid Graves' with good response to therapy. After 8 years of follow-up, she had recurrence of symptoms and a new evaluation revealed the final diagnosis of orbital pseudotumor. Orbital pseudotumor is an uncommon disorder that both radiologically and clinically mimics a malignant process or other inflammatory disease, such as Graves' ophthalmopathy.


O objetivo deste estudo é relatar e discutir uma causa de exoftalmia rara e inflamatória. Este artigo relata uma paciente com exoftalmia que recebeu diagnóstico inicial de oftalmopatia de Graves eutireoideana com boa resposta à terapia. Após oito anos de seguimento, houve recorrência dos sintomas e uma nova avaliação revelou o diagnóstico final de pseudotumor orbitário. Pseudotumor orbitário é uma condição incomum que mimetiza clínica e radiologicamente uma doença maligna ou inflamatória, como a oftalmopatia de Graves.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Graves Ophthalmopathy/diagnosis , Orbital Pseudotumor/pathology , Diagnosis, Differential , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Recurrence
10.
LMJ-Lebanese Medical Journal. 2010; 58 (2): 86-90
in French, English | IMEMR | ID: emr-98202

ABSTRACT

Graves ophthalmopathy is a debilitating disease impairing the quality of life of affected individuals. The management of moderate-to-severe active Graves' ophthalmopathy is a major therapeutic challenge, and the treatment outcome is often unsatisfactory. We have carried out a retrospective study to assess the efficacy of combined orbital irradiation and systemic corticosteroids. Ten patients were included; all patients had received 20 Grays to the retrobulbar tissues in ten fractions, and oral or intravenous glucocorticoids. The main therapeutic outcome measures were the criteria of Donaldson and co-workers and a self-assessment evaluation. The quality of life outcome was also evaluated by the GO-QOL [Graves' ophthalmopathy quality of life] questionnaire. Seven patients [70%] demonstrated improvement in ocular parameters; the response was excellent in three cases, good in three cases and fair in one case. Three patients showed no response to the treatment. The self-assessment evaluation showed that 75% of patients were satisfied with the results of the treatment. Proptosis was the most responsive sign to radiation and steroids. A duration of the eye disease of more than 18 months was associated with less improvement and a higher failure of the treatment. Concerning the quality of life, the score for visual fonctionning was 88.2 +/- 18.2 after treatment, while the score for appearance was 63.3 +/- 23.3. In conclusion, a combination of orbital irradiation and systemic steroids is associated with 70% of favorable responses, but the quality of life is not restored in the same proportions and remains impaired after treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Steroids , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies
11.
JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. 2009; 19 (6): 397
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-103451
12.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 69(6): 811-816, nov.-dez. 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-440416

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate if colchicine is valuable in the treatment of Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO), we compared its effect with prednisone in 22 patients during the inflammatory phase of GO. METHODS: All patients, similar in age, sex and smoking habits, were euthyroid for at least 3 months and randomly divided into two groups, one treated with colchicine (1.5 mg/day) and the other treated with prednisone (0.75 mg/kg/day). They were monitored with ophthalmologic assessment (clinical activity score-CAS) and magnetic resonance imaging, using a signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the recti muscles in comparison to the cerebral substantia alba. RESULTS: Amelioration of CAS was seen in 68 percent of the orbits in both groups. SIR also had a significant reduction after treatment: the initial median of 1.14 in G1 and 1.27 in G2, evolved, after treatment, to 1.07 in G1 and 0.69 in G2. The variation between both groups after treatment was not significant (p=0.22). None of the patients treated with colchicine had side effects; on the other hand, side effects in G2 were weight gain, edema, gastric complaints, hirsutism, weakness, depression, and alterations in blood pressure. CONCLUSION: Colchicine had a beneficial effect on the inflammatory phase of GO without the side effects of prednisone.


OBJETIVO: Investigar se a colchicina é eficaz no tratamento da oftalmopatia de Graves, nós comparamos o seu efeito com a prednisona em 22 pacientes tratados na fase inflamatória da doença. MÉTODOS: Todos os pacientes, similares quanto à idade, sexo e hábitos de tabagismo, estavam em eutiroidismo por pelo menos três meses e foram randomizados em dois grupos. O grupo 1 (G1) recebeu colchicina (1,5 mg/dia) e o grupo 2 (G2) foi tratado com prednisona (0,75 mg/kg/dia). Os pacientes foram acompanhados com avaliação oftalmológica (escore de atividade clínica - CAS) e de imagem por meio da ressonância magnética, usando a relação da intensidade de sinal (SIR) dos músculos reto em comparação com a substância alba cerebral. RESULTADOS: Diminuição no CAS de 68 por cento foi notada em ambos os grupos. A SIR também apresentou redução significante após o tratamento: A mediana inicial do G1 de 1,14 e 1,27 do G2 diminui após o tratamento para 1,07 no G1 e 0,69 no G2. A variação entre os grupos após o tratamento não foi significante (p=0,22). Nenhum paciente tratado com colchicina apresentou efeito colateral; ao passo que os efeitos colaterais no G2 foram ganho de peso, edema, queixas gástricas, fraqueza, depressão e alteração na pressão arterial. CONCLUSÕES: A colchicina apresenta efeitos benéficos na fase inflamatória da oftalmopatia de Graves sem os efeitos colaterais da prednisona.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Colchicine/therapeutic use , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Body Weight/drug effects , Colchicine/adverse effects , Glucocorticoids/adverse effects , Graves Ophthalmopathy , Hypertension/etiology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Oculomotor Muscles , Prospective Studies , Prednisone/adverse effects , Severity of Illness Index , Smoking , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
13.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(5): 920-925, out. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439075

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: A toxina botulínica tem sido usada como opção terapêutica para retração palpebral em pacientes com oftalmopatia distireóidea. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram apresentar dados morfométricos da fenda palpebral, avaliar o efeito da medicação sobre a função do músculo elevador da pálpebra superior e em relação à exposição ocular. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 7 pacientes com retração palpebral. A propedêutica foi realizada com o registro de imagens através de câmera filmadora digital. Foram utilizados programas para edição dos vídeos e para análise da fenda palpebral. Também foi realizada a medida da função do tendão do músculo elevador da pálpebra superior e a propedêutica do filme lacrimal. RESULTADOS: Os dados morfométricos mostraram uma diminuição da fenda palpebral e da distância entre a margem da pálpebra superior e o reflexo luminoso no centro da córnea, a função do músculo elevador da pálpebra superior apresentou uma diminuição de seu valor e a propedêutica do filme lacrimal evidenciou uma maior estabilidade do filme lacrimal após o uso da medicação. DISCUSSÃO: A toxina pode ser uma opção de tratamento para pacientes com retração palpebral, amenizando o problema estético e os sinais de exposição corneana.


INTRODUCTION: Botulinum toxin is an alternative treatment for retraction of ocular thyroid related dysfunction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of this medication on upper lid position, levator palpebrae superioris muscle function and corneal exposure. METHODS: Seven patients were enrolled into the study. The palpebral fissure images were acquired by a digital camera and transferred to a computer video edition program in order to be processed and analyzed. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle function and lacrimal film tests were also studied. RESULTS: The distance between upper eyelid superior margin and light reflection on the center of the cornea had a significantly reduction in its measurements after toxin injection. The muscle function was diminished and there were improvement in corneal exposure after treatment. DISCUSSION: Botulinum toxin injection could be an alternative treatment for upper eyelid retraction; it may relieve symptoms and improve eye appearance.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Eyelid Diseases , Eyelid Diseases/pathology , Eyelids/pathology , Graves Ophthalmopathy/pathology , Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use , Analysis of Variance , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Eyelid Diseases/drug therapy , Graves Ophthalmopathy/drug therapy , Reagent Strips , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tears/drug effects , Tears
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